Your PhD, what next?: Non-academic jobs

After finishing your PhD, you may want to work outside of academia. Find out how to succeed in the job market…

Where can I work?

A PhD is recognised by employers across a wide range of sectors as a sign that you will bring a distinctive skill set to their organisation. There are also opportunities where your subject-specific skills and knowledge will be in demand.

Do not, however, limit yourself to applying for jobs that specifically require a PhD. Unless a PhD is a prerequisite for the job, employers won’t necessarily mention it in their advertisements.

Sectors and types of work likely to match the skills and aspirations of PhD graduates include:

• Education (teaching) – outside of higher education there are opportunities to gain relevant teaching qualifications and to teach your subject in schools or to lecture in a further education (FE) college. For information on how to become a qualified teacher, see teaching advice.
• Education (administrative and professional roles) – non-teaching roles are available in universities and other educational institutions. In universities, for example, PhD graduates are valued for their administrative skills and understanding of the research environment.
• Public sector – PhD graduates are valued in roles within the Civil Service, government agencies and local government for their analytical, research and communication skills. Your subject-specific knowledge will also be in demand if your research is relevant to specific public sector policy and strategy areas. Find out what it’s like to work in the public sector.
• Industry research and development – opportunities exist to continue your research in commercial and industrial environments, for example in the medical, pharmaceutical and engineering sectors. Roles are likely to combine applied research with project management. Many higher-level positions within research and development are only open to those with a PhD.
• Healthcare sector and medical research – the health sector is a relatively common destination for PhD graduates who wish to continue or build on their area of research, in the NHS or public research institutes. PhD graduates are also recruited to non-research roles. 
• Business and finance – jobs are available in areas such as investment and retail banking, insurance and pensions. PhD graduates are particularly valued if they have specialist quantitative and statistical training, and high-level analytical and communication skills.
• Consultancy – your ability to work on projects and to devise novel solutions to problems are of value in a range of management consultancy contexts, such as business and finance, technology and IT. Think tanks also offer opportunities for PhD graduates. Search for opportunities in business, consulting and management.
• Publishing – the analytical and writing skills developed preparing papers and writing a thesis are essential skills for the publishing sector. PhD students who get involved with reviewing journal papers during their studies are well placed to move into writing and editorial roles.
• Intellectual property (IP) – jobs are available for science, engineering or technology PhD graduates looking to put their skills in lateral thinking and writing into practice, in roles such as patent attorney.
• Not-for-profit sector – opportunities in charities, voluntary and non-governmental organisations often include openings related to your area of research. For more information, see charities and voluntary work. 
• Entrepreneurial activities – the problem-solving and creative-thinking skills developed during your PhD, together with your communication and networking skills, mean that you may be suited to starting your own business. PhD graduates are often drawn to working independently and to developing their career on their own terms. Find out how to set up a business in self-employment.

For more areas of work outside of academia likely to be of interest to PhD graduates, search graduate jobs, login to what jobs would suit me? for helful career suggestions, and see Vitae – Career opportunities outside higher education .

Although some jobs that attract PhD graduates offer a relatively high starting salary to reflect the level of expertise the employer is looking for, this is not always the case. A significant number of posts that are open to both first degree and PhD graduates will have the same starting salary for all new employees. Once in post, there is typically scope for PhD graduates to progress to management and senior management positions.

Skills and characteristics

Employers will be looking for evidence that you can demonstrate competency and achievement in the skill areas relevant to the job, for example:

• analytical thinking and problem-solving abilities;
• ability to bring new ideas, curiosity and innovative approach to the organisation;
• ability to solve complex problems;
• project management and organisation skills;
• leadership potential;
• ability to work independently and in a team;
• excellent communication and client-facing skills;
• motivation and the ability to meet deadlines.

Find out more about how you can develop your skills.

Improving your chances 

• Work experience, internships and placements – can help you gain relevant experience, skills and contacts for your chosen career path. Employers will want to see that you have had experience in environments outside of academia.
• Mentoring – find yourself a mentor, ideally someone who is working in the field you are interested in. They will talk through your options, help with decision making and provide you with an insight into their work.
• Work on campus – paid work can provide extra income during your research and help you gain a range of skills and experience. Teaching experience, for example, can provide valuable transferable skills even if you do not stay in education beyond your PhD.
• Taking on leadership roles and other responsibilities – whether it is captain of a sports team or heading up a student-led committee, these activities will provide you with concrete evidence that you have achieved in leadership roles. Take on additional responsibilities, for example become a mentor for an undergraduate who is considering doing a PhD.
• Raising your profile – consider how to get yourself known in circles outside of academia through, for example, setting up a blog or presenting at conferences relevant to the sectors you wish to work in.
• Networking – build contacts and widen your networks by connecting with people in the area of work you are interested in. Be systematic about keeping records of people you have met and use professional networking sites, for example LinkedIn , to stay in contact and let them know what you are doing. Let family, friends and other associates know that you are looking for work.

Finding a job

• PhD Jobs  – job vacancies for those with doctoral qualifications.
• Times Higher Education (THE) – for academic and non-academic jobs in the higher education sector.
• Job websites of major newspapers, e.g. Guardian Jobs .
• Jobs.ac.uk – includes non-academic higher education jobs.
• Professional journals and specialist magazines relevant to your employment area, e.g. Nature Jobs  and New Scientist Jobs .
• Professional associations and bodies relevant to your employment area often advertise job opportunities.
• Careers service – many employers contact universities directly to advertise their positions. Also, sign up to careers talks given by employers in your area of interest.
• Register your CV online – recruitment websites such as PhD Jobs , Guardian Jobs and Monster allow you to post your CV online and then wait for employers to contact you.
• Employment agencies – for a list of member agencies in your career area, visit the Recruitment and Employment Confederation (REC) website. Even if the employment agency doesn’t produce your dream job, temporary jobs can be a good way to find out more about a particular career and are a way in to an organisation.

 

[http://www.prospects.ac.uk/your_phd_what_next_non_academic_jobs.htm]

 

Atoms star in ‘world’s smallest movie’ – BBC

[http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22358861]

1 May 2013 Last updated at 09:42

A film using single atoms to animate a boy playing with a ball, dancing, and bouncing on a trampoline, has become the world’s smallest stop-motion movie.

The 90-second film, made by IBM, is so small it can only be seen when magnified 100 million times.

The ability to move single atoms is vital for research into data storage at the atomic level – something researchers say could increase the amount of information storable on a device by tens of thousands of times.

Video courtesy of IBM research

http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/science-environment-22358861

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CfjWNFwP-HA

Nanofiber borate bioglass, Cotton candy-like fibers repair wounds

Hard-to-heal open wounds may have met their match in the form of a cottony glass material developed at Missouri University of Science and Technology.

Dr. Delbert Day’s work with glass fibers may lead to a new method to heal open wounds. (Photo by B.A. Rupert/Missouri S&T.)

The glass fiber material could become a source of relief for diabetics fighting infections. It also could be used by battlefield medics or emergency medical technicians to treat wounds in the field.

In a recent clinical trial, the material was found to speed the healing of venous stasis wounds in eight out of the 12 patients enrolled in the trial. Details about the trials and the material were published in the May issue of theAmerican Ceramic Society‘sBulletin magazine.

The material – a nanofiber borate glass – was developed in the laboratories of Missouri S&T’s Graduate Center for Materials Research and the Center for Bone and Tissue Repair and Regeneration, says Dr. Delbert E. Day, Curators’ Professor emeritus of ceramic engineering and a pioneer in the development of bioglass materials. Day and his former student, Dr. Steve Jung, developed the material over the past five years.

Other bioactive glass materials are formed from silica-based glass compositions and have been used primarily for hard-tissue regeneration, such as bone repair. But Day and Jung experimented with borate glass, which early lab studies showed reacted to fluids much faster than silicate glasses.

“The borate glasses react with the body fluids very quickly” when applied to an open wound, says Day. “They begin to dissolve and release elements into the body that stimulate the body to generate new blood vessels. This improves the blood supply to the wound, allowing the body’s normal healing processes to take over.”

Clinical trials at Phelps County Regional Medical Center in Rolla began in the fall of 2010 with 13 subjects. One dropped out early in the process. All suffer from diabetes and had wounds that had been unhealed for more than a year.

Depending on the severity of the wound, Day says the wounds can heal within a few weeks to several months after the material is applied. “Within a few days, most patients see an improvement,” he says.

The material is produced at Mo-Sci Corp., a glass technology company founded by Day. Jung is a glass scientist at the company and holds bachelor’s and master’s degrees in ceramic engineering and a Ph.D. in materials engineering from Missouri S&T.

“Rolla is extremely fortunate to have the three key ingredients needed to take research from the idea stage to the commercial product stage,” says Day, who also invented TheraSphere, a glass product now used to treat patients with liver cancer at more than 100 sites worldwide, including Barnes Jewish Hospital in St. Louis. “We have the university, which provides the research expertise, Phelps County Regional Medical Center for the clinical trials, and Mo-Sci for the manufacturing and commercialization.”

Day foresees expanding the clinical trials to include patients with other types of wounds, such as burn victims.

 

http://news.mst.edu/2011/05/cotton_candy-like_fibers_repai.html

 

Impact factor 2011, selected Journals

Abbreviated Journal Title (linked to journal information)	Total Cites	Impact Factor	5-Year Impactor Factor	Immediacy Index	Articles
REV MOD PHYS	31368	43.933	44.436	10.026	38
LANCET	158906	38.278	33.797	10.576	276
ADV PHYS	4400	37	25.289	3.778	9
NATURE	526505	36.28	36.235	9.69	841
NAT MATER	39242	32.841	36.732	6.246	134
NAT PHOTONICS	10259	29.278	30.773	5.031	96
NAT NANOTECHNOL	16581	27.27	33.781	5.496	117
NAT CHEM	5260	20.524	20.533	5.308	120
PHYS REP	18742	20.394	20.574	4.6	35
NAT METHODS	15269	19.276	20.454	5.133	128
NAT PHYS	14228	18.967	18.557	5.767	163
MAT SCI ENG R	4487	14.951	16.5	1.75	12
ADV MATER	79860	13.877	12.813	2.155	789
NANO LETT	75287	13.198	13.843	2.082	955
ACS NANO	22409	10.774	11.171	1.631	1141
ADV FUNCT MATER	28503	10.179	9.92	1.514	533
LASER PHYS LETT	4670	9.97	5.927	2.062	145
J AM CHEM SOC	408307	9.907	9.766	1.865	3176
NAT COMMUN	1859	7.396	7.396	1.659	451
LASER PHOTONICS REV	1188	7.388	8.772	2.6	40
PHYS REV LETT	335444	7.37	7.013	2.147	3229
NANO RES	2017	6.97	7.461	0.918	122
NANOMED-NANOTECHNOL	2091	6.692		0.8	110
J PHYS CHEM LETT	4695	6.213	6.217	1.405	529
NANOSCALE	3187	5.914	5.914	1.187	653
LAB CHIP	13729	5.67	6.497	1.143	538
PHYS TODAY	3527	5.648	4.356	1.868	38
MATER TODAY	3452	5.565	10.451	0.482	56
NANOMEDICINE-UK	2103	5.055	6.534	0.87	108
PHYS REV D	120339	4.558	4.027	1.738	2974
NANOTECHNOLOGY	31600	3.979	4.017	0.665	1128
PHYS LETT B	54511	3.955	3.501	2.197	1010
APPL PHYS LETT	203336	3.844	3.787	0.661	4419
PHYS REV B	278680	3.691	3.405	0.889	6121
LASER PHYS	4085	3.605	2.202	0.565	421
OPT EXPRESS	54094	3.587	3.666	0.743	2982
ADV CHEM PHYS	2260	3.579	3.103
PHYS CHEM CHEM PHYS	31819	3.573	3.931	0.91	2314
OPT LETT	45759	3.399	3.387	0.716	1603
J CHEM PHYS	182373	3.333	3.238	0.835	2637
PHYS REV C	34983	3.308	3.068	0.976	1084
COMPUT PHYS COMMUN	9287	3.268	2.812	0.673	361
PHYS THER	7427	3.113	3.517	1.053	133
APPL PHYS EXPRESS	3256	3.013	2.944	0.56	418
PHYS REV A	86163	2.878	2.612	0.84	2723
J MECH PHYS SOLIDS	9562	2.806	3.522	0.843	140
P JPN ACAD B-PHYS	688	2.77	1.934	0.279	43
NANOSCALE RES LETT	2447	2.726	2.928	0.443	625
J PHYS D APPL PHYS	25779	2.544	2.404	0.501	874
IEEE PHOTONICS J	409	2.32	2.32	0.567	120
MATER LETT	20548	2.307	2.275	0.421	1048
IEEE T NANOTECHNOL	1851	2.292	2.139	0.304	207
PHYS REV E	68373	2.255	2.261	0.474	2508
IEEE PHOTONIC TECH L	13572	2.191	1.86	0.414	611
J OPT SOC AM B	11210	2.185	2.097	0.561	424
J APPL PHYS	124863	2.168	2.169	0.369	4361
APPL OPTICS	34118	1.748	1.789	0.415	1059
PHYSICA C	7132	1.014	0.737	0.121	363

 

Academia or Industry? Finding the Right Fit

Academia or Industry? Finding the Right Fit

By Elisabeth Pain

May 22, 2009, Science Careers.

In the early days of his chemistry training at the Pierre and Marie Curie University in Paris, French chemist Christophe Eychenne expected to spend his scientific career in academia. “I really [wanted] to go deeply [into] some scientific topic,” Eychenne says. But soon after, he realized it was also important for him to see his research applied to real life. He found a niche for himself at the chemical company Rhodia, near Paris, soon after earning his Ph.D. He worked on nanomaterial chemistry projects that could lead to new additives for “toothpaste or car-tire applications” down the line, he says.

Industry is not a good fit for everyone; corporate mandates affect both what and how research is done. But “don’t go for cliché answers. … There is no such thing as research in academia and research in industry,” says Martin Ebeling, head of the computational biology group at pharma giant Hoffmann-La Roche in Basel, Switzerland. Rather, job seekers need to view the employment marketplace as an array of specific opportunities, each with its own characteristics. “Look at it open-minded and without any prejudice,” he says. “There will be good and bad positions offered in both academia and industry.”

Research under the industry lens

(Courtesy, Christophe Eychenne)

Christophe Eychenne

When young scientists “first start becoming acquainted with what it means to do research in the private sector, it’s really quite a culture shock,” says Michael A. Santoro, a business ethics professor at Rutgers Business School in New Jersey. “In business, everything begins with the profit motive. … Just the very idea of research is geared towards a product rather than knowledge itself. The most critical factor in determining whether a scientist is going to be successful in making the transition from the university to the private sector is the ability to buy into that point of view.”

That product-driven mission means that research freedom can be limited. In most companies, research topics are largely chosen by the business or marketing departments. At Chryso, for example, where Eychenne today leads an R&D team for construction materials chemicals near Paris, research is almost always initiated from a marketing brief, “a precise and accurate description of the unmet needs of the customers,” he says. That’s not true in every industry, however: In the software industry, projects are often chosen in a more bottom-up approach. “We go to the product teams and ask them what sort of projects they are interested in,” says Jaime Teevan, a scientist at Microsoft Research in Redmond, Washington. Teevan feels she has “a lot of freedom to do whatever kind of research that I want.”

Courtesy, Michael A. Santoro

Michael Santoro

In the corporate setting, research projects are regularly evaluated against their objectives, targeted costs, and timeline. “In industry, there is always the tendency in the management to have more control, get more accountability, measure things, milestones here, milestones there,” Ebeling says. And if your project doesn’t meet all of its objectives, it may be killed. If “we’re making nice progress and a project is terminated for whatever other … financial, patent, marketing reasons, then we have to take a professional attitude and say ‘Okay, … it’s not going where we wanted it to go,’ ” Ebeling says. You just have to get your act together and move on to the next project, he adds.

There’s also the issue of the freedom to publish. In industry, you can’t just say, “This is a brand-new result and others may be working on it, so I want to get it published next week,” Ebeling says. Your company will first want to check whether they can file patent applications, and “you have to wait until you get clearance, … because, at the end of the day, we need to earn the money we want to spend on new projects.”

(Microsoft)

Jaime Teevan

Pressures to show immediate and positive results can also challenge the best ethical and professional standards. “The major problem is that a lot of this is out of a scientist’s hands: how her clinical research is going to be conducted, and where it’s going to be published, and how it might be presented, and all the different kinds of issues that have arisen over and over again,” especially in the pharmaceutical industry, Santoro says.

Yet it’s important for scientists to understand “that they’re not just passive actors in the ethical dramas,” Santoro adds. “While they’re working with businesspeople and others who are going to be, in essence, putting pressure on them, they have a responsibility to act with integrity within their own organizations. And it may require a lot of bravery. It may require sometimes putting your job at risk.”

What there is to gain

It’s easy to focus on the challenges of doing for-profit science, but there are many reasons to consider an industry career. One of scientists’ main motivations for going to industry is to see their research improve people’s lives. You can do so in academia as well, but “if you would like to see in a short time period the impact of your research on the real life, you need to go to the industry,” Eychenne says.

(Hoffmann-La Roche)

Martin Ebeling

Your research may be best done within a company. “Because of the resources available and the scientific talent that’s already in the private sector, … many scientists will find that good science in a pure sense is being done in many world-class companies,” Santoro says. Outside of shiny equipment, companies can offer access to unique research tools and databases. Jennifer Rexford, now a tenured computer scientist atPrinceton University, spent 8 years at local company AT&T Labs – Research. “Being inside a company that was running an Internet backbone and had a lot of measurement data and access to interesting research, … I actually was able to work on things that if I had been an academic I would have had a hard time doing,” she says.

Rexford also found more space to reinvent herself within industry. The scientific community’s interest in her Ph.D. topic had started to wane, and she felt that changing her area of expertise while trying to juggle research, grant-writing, teaching, and advising as a junior faculty member would be too difficult. At AT&T, however, Rexford could spend her first couple of years exploring new research topics, generating preliminary data, and building relationships. “I was actually better able to take risks like that without having to worry about the tenure pipeline.”

 

Industry research can also prove very rewarding. Research is often carried out in teams that are dependent on each member’s input, so your work will be highly valued. “In an industrial setting, you have a sense of fitting into a larger whole and being valued for that,” Rexford says. Ebeling has found that to be true as well: At Hoffmann-La Roche, he says that people “come to me and they ask for my advice and they are ready to bet [their] work on the correctness of my theoretical predictions. That is the most rewarding experience I have ever had.” All he would get for this in academia is to “be a third and fourth author on many, many publications, but I wouldn’t qualify for heading a bioinformatics department in a university,” Ebeling says.

Of course, there are also the monetary aspects: Industry usually pays much better than academia and offers more competitive benefits packages. And, in general, industry jobs have a favorable work-life balance: Without the added commitments of teaching, advising students, and applying for grants that come with an academic job, industry scientists can stay focused on their research. “The administrative overhead in academia is probably higher than in most industry environments,” Ebeling says. Industry scientists also generally work within normal business hours, often on a flexible work schedule. Ebeling has two boys, ages 5 and 7, and says, “It’s extremely important for me to be a major part of their lives, not somebody who says ‘goodbye’ in the morning and then kisses them goodnight in the late evening,” he says.

Decision time

If you’re considering a career in industry, identify your values and priorities and see what companies offer a good match for your research topic and ideal working culture.

A good way to figure out whether industrial life at a specific company could be for you is to do an internship. Rexford had worked at AT&T for four summers before deciding to work there full-time. “I knew the place and I knew that I fit in it and that I would have the kind of research freedom I wanted to have,” she says. If you can’t get an internship, find another excuse to visit. “You should go there and you should talk … not only to the boss but also to potential colleagues,” Ebeling says.

(Courtesy, Jennifer Rexford )

Jennifer Rexford

You also need to pay attention to the ethics behind your company’s products. Ask yourself how comfortable you are with the impact the products you will be working on will have on society. “You need to love the final product,” Eychenne says. You also need to weigh what it will take to develop those products. For young researchers in particular, it may be important to work in an environmentally sustainable industry, Eychenne says. Ultimately, “you need to be in line with the ethics of your company. Of course, some companies are less ethic[al] than others,” he adds.

Depending on the industry, scientists contemplating a job at a particular company may have to do a bit more soul-searching than their academic counterparts do. “Anyone going from academia to the private sector should ask themselves, ‘Am I selling out?’ And they should have a good answer for that,” Santoro says. But today, they are not the only ones to be confronted with the profit motive. With universities always keen to collaborate with industry and make money out of their intellectual property, research commercialization has become pervasive in academia, too, Santoro says. Whether in academia or industry, “that is part and parcel of the ethical training and life of any scientist to think about how practicalities are causing compromises in one’s work,” he adds.

Industry “is not the dark side,” Eychenne says. “Mostly, we can’t find breakthroughs in the industry without the academy, and we can’t find money for the academy without applications in the real life.” Rather, Eychenne adds, it’s just “another side” of the research endeavor.

Photo (top): Kazue

Elisabeth Pain is contributing editor for South Europe.

10.1126/science.caredit.a0900066

Glass story—Corning

Watch and share “A Day Made of Glass 2: Unpacked,” to see how Corning’s highly engineered glass, with companion technologies, will help shape our world. Take a journey with our narrator for details on these technologies, answers to your questions, and to learn about what’s possible — and what’s not — in the near future.

Here is the question, how much does Corning contribute to those charming technology? Is that the glass only choice?

 

Invisibility cloaking, metamaterial.

A team led by scientists at Duke University’s Pratt School of Engineering has demonstrated the first working “invisibility cloak.” The cloak deflects microwave beams so they flow around a “hidden” object inside with little distortion, making it appear almost as if nothing were there at all.
[Schurig et al., SCIENCE VOL 314, 977-980, 2006]

Optical density, absorbance, absorptance

In spectroscopy, optical density (absorbance) A is defined as

where I is the intensity of light at a specified wavelength λ that has passed through a sample (transmitted light intensity) and I₀ is the intensity of the light before it enters the sample or incident light intensity. The absorbance of a sample is proportional to the thickness of the sample and the concentration of the absorbing species in the sample, in contrast to the transmittance I / I₀ of a sample, which varies exponentially with thickness and concentration.

Absorptance (not absorbance) is defined as: The ratio of the radiant flux absorbed by a body to that incident upon it. Also called ‘absorption’ factor. Compare absorptivity.Total absorptance refers to absorptance measured over all wavelengths. Spectral absorptance refers to absorptance measured at a specified wavelength.

[Wikipedia, absorbance topic. http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Absorbance]

 

Short description about Silicon, Silica, Quartz glass and Silicones

Silicon

Silicon (microelectronics) is a chemical element (Si). It is a quite common element (the eighth most common element) in the universe and widely found in dusts, sands etc. But it is rarely occurs as pure element in nature. It is the principal component of most semiconductor devices

Silica

Silica (Silicon dioxide) is an oxide of silicon with the chemical formula SiO₂. It is quite commonly found in nature as sand or quartz.

Quartz glass      

When silicon dioxide is cooled rapidly, it does not crystalize but solidifies as a glass.

Silicones

Silicones (high performance polymer) are polymer that include silicon together with carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and other chemical elements.

 

Journal impact factor 2011

 

Journal	2010 Impact Factor (released on June 28, 2011)	2009 Impact Factor (released on June 18, 2010)	2008 Impact Factor (released in June 2009)
CA: A Cancer Journal for Clinicians	94.262	87.925	74.575
The New England Journal of Medicine	53.484	47.050	50.017
Nature	36.101	34.480	31.434
Cell	32.401	31.152	31.253
Science	31.364	29.747	28.103
Nature Nanotechnology	30.306	26.309	20.571
Nature Photonics	26.442	22.869	24.982
Nano Letters	12.186	9.991	10.371
Nano Today	11.750	13.237	8.795
ACS Nano	9.855	7.493	5.472
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences	9.771	9.432	9.380
Physical Review Letters	7.621	7.328	7.180
Small	7.333	6.171	6.525
Lab on a Chip	6.260	6.342	5.068
Proceeding of IEEE	5.096	4.878	3.82
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence	5.027	4.378	5.960
Applied Physics Letters	3.820	3.596	3.726
Physical Review B	3.772	3.475	3.322
Optics Express	3.749	3.278	3.880
Journal of the Mechanics and Physics of Solids	3.702	3.317	3.467
IEEE transactions on industrial electronics	3.439	4.678	5.468
Optics Letters	3.316	3.059	3.772
Journal of Biomedical Optics	3.188	2.501	2.970
IEEE Electronic Device Letters	2.714	2.605	3.049
Pattern Recognition	2.607	2.554	3.279
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing	2.606	2.848	3.315
IEEE/ASME Transactions on Mechatronics	2.577	2.331	1.614
Journal of Micromechanics and Microengineering	2.276	1.997	2.233
IEEE/ASME Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems	2.157	1.922	2.226
Journal of Applied Physics	2.064	2.072	2.201
IEEE Photonics technology letters	1.987	1.815	2.173
JOSA A	1.933	1.670	1.870
Experimental Mechanics	1.854	1.542	1.469
Applied Optics	1.703	1.410	1.763
Journal of Optics A: Pure and Applied Optics	1.662	1.198	1.742
Optics and Lasers Technology	1.616	0.981	0.892
Review of Scientific Instruments	1.598	1.521	1.738
Journal of Biomedical Engineering (Trans. ASME)	1.584	2.154	2.013
Optics and Lasers in Engineering	1.567	1.262	1.103
Optics Communications	1.517	1.316	1.552
ASCE Journal of Water Resources, Planning and Management	1.252	1.164	1.275
Pattern Recognition Letters	1.213	1.303	1.559
Journal of Applied Biomechanics	1.078	0.810	1.197
Strain	1.000	1.083	1.154
ASCE Journal of Engineering Mechanics	0.956	0.980	0.792
Journal of Strain Analysis for Engineering Design	0.897	0.748	0.626
Optical Engineering	0.815	0.553	0.722
Journal of Applied Mechanics (Transactions of the ASME)	0.617	0.915	1.065

 

 

 

Ref:

http://ioptic.blogspot.com/2011/08/journal-impact-factor-2011.html

http://faculty.cua.edu/wangz/